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The ecological balance of gastrointestinal microbiota plays an important role in digestion,absorption, metabolism,immunity and protection against pathogens. Functional disturbance of gastrointestinal microecology is closely related to gastrointestinal diseases. Recent studies have shown that gastrointestinal microecology was involved in the pathogenesis process of gastric cancer. This article reviewed the progress in study on relationship between gastrointestinal microecology and gastric cancer.
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Inrecentyearsmanytargetedagentstreatinggastriccancerhavebeenevaluatedinclinical studies.Trastuzumab,an anti-HER-2 monoclonal antibody,has shown activity against HER-2-positive gastric cancer and become the first targeted agent approved in gastric cancer.Drugs targeting epidermal growth factor receptor,including monoclonal antibody and tyrosine kinase inhibitor,bring survival benefit to patients with gastric cancer.Addi tionally,vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors are also under investigation.Other targeted agents are in preclinical or early clinical development,such as m-TOR inhibitors and c-MET inhibi-tors.
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Objective To construct a lentiviral vector that stably express platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGF-B)and to in-vestigate effect of PDGF-B overexpression on invasion of SGC7901 gastric carcinoma cell.Methods The lentiviral vector pLeno-DCE-PDGF-B was constructed and transfected into 293T cells.The supernatant containing the lentivirus particles was harvested to determine the virus titer and high titer lentivirus particles was gathered.Then PDGF-B lentiviral vector was transfected into SGC7901 cells for construction of stable PDGF-B overexpression SGC7901 cells.Western-blot and immunofluorescence were used for evaluation of the construction of stable PDGF-B overexpression SGC7901 cells.Transwell test was used for detection the inva-sion of SGC7901 cells.Results The lentiviral vector was correctly constructed and verified by sequencing.High titer PDGF-B lenti-viral particles were acquired successfully.After transfection,SGC7901 cells were green color by detection of fluorescence micro-scope;and the expression of PDGF-B protein in transfected SGC7901 cells were much higher than that in normal SGC7901 cells.Al-so,PDGF-B overexpression increased the invasion ability of SGC7901 cells.Conclusion The PDGF-B lentiviral particles are ob-tained after successful construction and package.The stable PDGF-B overexpression SGC7901 gastric carcinoma cell line is estab-lished,which proves that the PDGF-B overexpression might increase the invasion ability of gastric carcinoma cells.
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Objective: To evaluate the relationship between ABO blood group system and the risk of gastric cancer by case-control study and meta-analysis. Methods: In our case-control study, 930 cases of gastric cancer were enrolled and 8 426 cases with other diseases were taken as controls from Changhai Hospital. PubMed were searched with unlimited initial time and the cutoff time on December 31, 2013; and our case-control study was also included. Two reviewers evaluated the quality of the included case-control studies by Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) and extracted the data independently. The meta-analysis was performed by Meta-Analyst 3. 13 software. Results: The case-control study showed that blood type A might be a risk factor of gastric cancer (0R=1. 58;95%CI: 1. 37-1. 81). The results of meta-analysis showed that the risk of gastric cancer of blood group A was signiticantly higher than that of non-A groups (0R=1. 28; 95%CI: 1. 01-1. 62); meanwhile, blood group O demonstrated a lower risk of gastric cancer compared with non-O groups (OR=0. 84;95%CI: 0. 73-0. 96); subgroup analysis found differences between home population and foreign population. Conclusion: ABO blood group system is associated with the risk of gastric cancer, and type A might be one of the risk factors of gastric cancer.
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Introdução: O adenocarcinoma gástrico é uma doença de elevada incidência e alta mortalidade. A gastrectomia com linfadenectomia é tratamento potencialmente curativo, promovendo controle loco - regional da doença e fornecendo material para análise histopatológica. Para o adequado estadiamento dos pacientes é recomendado que pelo menos 16 linfonodos seja m examinados pela patologia, entretanto, espera - se maior sobrevida quando ≥ 30 linfonodos são avaliados , mesmo em pacientes com tumores precoce s. A justificativa para este achado é o sub - estadiamento de pacientes com poucos linfonodos examina dos. Linfonodos pequenos são particularmente difíceis de serem encontrados, mas podem conter metástases e impactar negativamente na sobrevida. Visando facilitar sua identificação, soluções clareadoras de gordura foram propostas, entretanto não há evidência clara de seu benefício clínico. Objetivos: Comparar as soluções de Carnoy e de formalina neutra tamponada em relação ao número absoluto de linfonodos encontrados na peça cirúrgica de pacientes submetidos a gastrectomia. Averiguar se linfonodos retirados cirurgicamente são perdidos com a fixação em formalina e, caso isso ocorra, se este fato é relevante para o estadiamento. Observar se o protocolo de pesquisa influenciou o número de linfonodos encontrados. Métodos: Cinquenta produtos de gastrectomia subtotal com linfadenectomia D2 por adenocarcinoma gástrico foram randomizados para fixação em Carnoy ou formalina com posterior dissecção da peça em b usca de linfonodos. Após a dissecção do grupo Formalinn, a gordura residual a ser desprezada foi imersa em Carnoy e reavaliada posteriormente. Os dados de 25 gastrectomias D2 operad a s previamente ao estudo também foram avalia do s. Resultados: A média de linfonodos encontrados nos grupos C arnoy e Formalina foi de 50,4 e 34,8; respectivamente (p <0,001)...
Background: Gastric adenocarcinoma is a frequent disease with high mortality ratio. Gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy is potentially curative, allows local control of the disease and provides material for TNM classification. While pathology examination of at least 16 lymph nodes is recommended following surgery, longer survival rates are expected when >=30 lymph nodes are examined, even for early gastric cancer. The understaging of patients with less examined lymph nodes justifies this findings. Small lymph nodes are particularly difficult to identify and fat clearing solutions have been proposed to improve this, but there is no evidence of their clinical benefit. Objectives: Compare Carnoy's solution (CS) and formalin in terms of the total number of examined lymph nodes following gastrectomy. Verify if surgically retrieved lymph nodes are lost with the formalin fixation and if this fact is clinically significant. Observe if a research protocol influences the number of examined lymph nodes. Methods: Fifty specimens of gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy were randomized for fixation in CS or formalin with posterior dissection in search for lymph nodes. In the Formalin group, the residual fat to be discarded was immersed in CS and dissected again. Data from 25 D2 gastrectomies performed previously the present study were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The medium number of examined lymph nodes was 50.4 and 34.8 for CS and formalin, respectively (p < 0.001). Lost lymph nodes were found in all cases in the Residual Fat group (medium 16.9), this increased the Formalin group average to 51.7 (which is similar to the CS group, p=0.809). With one exception (7mm), all other examined lymph nodes in the Residual Fat group measured <= 3mm. Thirteen lymph nodes from this group were metastatic, this determined the upstaging of 2 (8%) patients. Lymph nodes from the CS group were smaller than those found in the formalin group (p=0.01)...
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Male , Female , Humans , Stomach Neoplasms , Lymph Node Excision , Prospective Studies , Random Allocation , Lymph Nodes , Pathology/methodsABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effects of ventilation strategy of permissive hypercapnia on the expression of inflammatory mediators in the patients received laparoscopic radical gastrectomy. Methods Thirty-six patients received laparoscopic radical gastrectomy were randomly divided into two groups: control group and experiment group. The patients in control group received conventional ventilation strategy [partial pressure of carbon dioxide in endexpiratory gas (P<,ErCO2) 34.5-45.0 mm Hg (1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa),pH7.35-7.45], and patients in experiment group received ventilation strategy of permissive hypercapnia(PErCO2 49.5-60.0 mm Hg,pH7.20). Blood samples were collected respectively from the peripheral vein before anesthesia induction (T0), 1 h (T1), 3 h (T2) after operation and when operation finished (T3) for the assessment of interleukin(IL)-8, IL-6,tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- α. Results The levels of IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α at T2, T3 were higher in control group [(96.732±3.173) μg/L and (107.767±3.654) μg/L, (0.273±0.009 ) ng/L and (0.287±0.008) ng/L,(1.443±0.086)μg/L and (1.614±0.107) μg/L] than those in experiment group [(91.771±4.332) μ g/L and (97.682±4.998) μg/L, (0.231±0.008 ) ng/L and (0.241±0.006) ng/L,(1.268±0.066) μg/Land (1.428±0.058) μg/L](P<0.05 or <0.01), mean arterial pressure, partial pressure of oxygen in artery and heart rate were relative stabilization. Conclusions Ventilation strategy of permissive hypercapnia can reduce the released amount of inflammatory mediators and may be advantageous for the patients received laparoscopic radical gastrectomy.